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UK Visa & Entry Rules for US Citizens (2026 Updated Guide)
UK Visa & Entry Rules for US Citizens: Complete 2026 Updated Guide
Planning a trip to the United Kingdom from the United States in 2026? Understanding the UK's visa and entry requirements is essential for a smooth, stress-free journey. The good news: US citizens do not need a visa for tourism, business, or short-term study visits to the UK. However, new requirements—including the UK's Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) system—are being implemented in 2026 that all travelers should know about.
This comprehensive, up-to-date guide covers everything US citizens need to know about entering the UK in 2026: visa exemptions, the new ETA system, passport requirements, permitted activities, length of stay rules, border procedures, customs regulations, and practical tips to ensure hassle-free entry.
Quick Answer: US citizens do not need a visa to visit the UK for tourism, business, or short-term study stays up to 6 months. However, starting in 2026, US citizens must obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) before travel. You'll also need a valid passport, proof of onward travel, and may be asked to show evidence of sufficient funds and accommodation.
Visa Requirements: The Short Answer
✅ No Visa Required for Most Visits
US citizens can enter the UK without a visa for:
- ✓ Tourism: Vacation, sightseeing, visiting friends/family
- ✓ Business: Meetings, conferences, negotiations (not paid work)
- ✓ Short-Term Study: Courses up to 6 months
- ✓ Transit: Passing through the UK to another destination
- ✓ Medical Treatment: Private medical care
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Maximum Stay: Up to 6 months per visit as a Standard Visitor
❌ When You DO Need a Visa
US citizens must apply for a UK visa for:
- ✗ Paid Employment: Any work that generates income in the UK
- ✗ Long-Term Study: Courses exceeding 6 months
- ✗ Settlement/Residency: Moving to the UK long-term
- ✗ Marriage/Civil Partnership: Getting married in the UK
- ✗ Volunteer Work: If receiving payment beyond expenses
- ✗ Journalism/Media Work: Professional reporting (may require accreditation)
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The New Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) System
🆕 What Is the UK ETA?
The UK is implementing an Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) system similar to the US ESTA or Canada's eTA. This is a digital pre-travel authorization—not a visa—that enhances border security while streamlining entry for low-risk travelers.
📅 Implementation Timeline for US Citizens
| Date | Status for US Citizens |
|---|---|
| January 2026 | ✓ ETA system fully operational for US citizens |
| Before Travel | ✓ Must apply for ETA online before departure |
| Validity | ✓ ETA valid for 2 years or until passport expires |
| Multiple Entries | ✓ Allows multiple visits during validity period |
📋 ETA Application Process
How to Apply:
- Visit Official Website: www.gov.uk/apply-uk-eta
- Complete Online Form: Personal details, passport information, travel plans
- Pay Fee: Approximately £10 (approximately $13 USD)
- Receive Decision: Usually within 72 hours (often faster)
- Travel: ETA linked electronically to passport; no printout required
Required Information:
- Valid US passport details
- Personal information (name, DOB, address)
- Travel plans (intended dates, purpose of visit)
- Answer security/eligibility questions
- Valid email address for confirmation
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Important Notes:
- ✓ Apply at least 72 hours before travel (earlier recommended)
- ✓ ETA is non-transferable; tied to specific passport
- ✓ If you renew your passport, you must apply for a new ETA
- ✓ ETA does not guarantee entry; final decision made at border
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❓ ETA vs. Visa: Key Differences
| Feature | ETA | Visitor Visa |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Pre-screening for visa-free travelers | Required for those not visa-exempt |
| Cost | ~£10 (~$13 USD) | £100+ (~$130+ USD) |
| Processing Time | Usually 72 hours | 3-8 weeks |
| Validity | 2 years or passport expiry | 6 months to 10 years |
| Application | Online only | Online + biometrics appointment |
Passport Requirements
✅ Valid Passport: Essential Document
All US citizens entering the UK must present a valid passport. Key requirements:
Passport Validity Rules
- ✓ Passport must be valid for the entire duration of your stay
- ✓ No specific "6-month rule" like some countries (but recommended to have buffer)
- ✓ Passport must be in good condition (no significant damage)
- ✓ Must have at least one blank page for entry stamp (if issued)
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Passport Condition Matters
- ✗ Damaged passports (torn pages, water damage, unauthorized markings) may be rejected
- ✗ Expired passports cannot be used for travel
- ✓ If your passport expires during your trip, renew before traveling
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🔄 What If Your Passport Is Expired, Lost, or Stolen?
- Before Travel: Apply for renewal through US State Department (routine: 6-8 weeks; expedited: 2-3 weeks)
- While in UK: Contact nearest US Embassy/Consulate for emergency passport services
- Emergency Contacts:
- US Embassy London: +44-20-7499-9000
- Consulates: Edinburgh, Belfast, Cardiff
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Entry Procedures: What to Expect at UK Border
📋 Documents to Present
When entering the UK, have these documents readily accessible:
- Valid US Passport: With valid ETA linked
- ETA Confirmation: Electronic (no printout required, but save confirmation email)
- Proof of Purpose: Hotel reservations, invitation letter, conference registration
- Return/Onward Ticket: Evidence of planned departure from UK
- Proof of Sufficient Funds: Credit cards, bank statements, cash (may be requested)
- Accommodation Details: Address where you'll be staying
🗣️ The Border Interview
UK Border Force officers may ask brief questions to verify your visit:
- What is the purpose of your visit?
- How long do you plan to stay?
- Where will you be staying?
- Do you have a return ticket?
- What is your occupation?
- Do you have sufficient funds for your stay?
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Tips for Success: Answer honestly and concisely. Have supporting documents ready. Officers are generally efficient and courteous. Most interviews take less than 2 minutes.
🔍 Biometric & Security Checks
- Passport Scan: Your passport will be scanned into UK immigration system
- ETA Verification: Electronic check of your authorization status
- Photograph: Digital photo may be captured
- Questions: Additional screening if anything requires clarification
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✅ Entry Stamp (If Issued)
- UK border officers may stamp your passport with entry date and permitted stay
- Not all passports receive stamps (e-passport gates often don't stamp)
- If stamped, verify the "admitted until" date matches your plans
- If not stamped, your 6-month visitor status is recorded electronically
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Length of Stay & Permitted Activities
⏱️ How Long Can US Citizens Stay?
- Standard Maximum: Up to 6 months per visit as a Standard Visitor
- Determined By: Border officer at entry (may grant less than 6 months)
- Verification: Check passport stamp or electronic record for authorized stay
- Multiple Visits: Can visit multiple times, but must not "live" in UK through frequent/extended stays
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✅ What You CAN Do on Standard Visitor Status
- ✓ Tourism, sightseeing, visiting friends/family
- ✓ Business meetings, conferences, negotiations
- ✓ Short-term study (courses up to 6 months)
- ✓ Volunteer work (unpaid, for registered charity)
- ✓ Attend job interviews or explore business opportunities
- ✓ Receive private medical treatment
- ✓ Transit through UK to another destination
- ✓ Participate in sports/creative events (unpaid)
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❌ What You CANNOT Do on Standard Visitor Status
- ✗ Paid Employment: Any work generating UK income requires work visa
- ✗ Access Public Funds: Cannot claim benefits, housing assistance, etc.
- ✗ Long-Term Study: Courses exceeding 6 months require Student visa
- ✗ Marriage/Civil Partnership: Getting married requires Marriage Visitor visa
- ✗ Settle Permanently: Cannot use visitor status to establish residency
- ✗ Work for UK Organization: Even unpaid internships may require visa
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🔄 Extending Your Stay
- Generally Not Possible: Standard Visitor status cannot be extended from within UK
- Exceptional Circumstances: Medical emergencies, compelling reasons may allow extension application
- Alternative: Leave UK and re-enter (but no guarantee of another 6 months)
- Long-Term Plans: Apply for appropriate visa (Work, Student, Family) before travel
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Customs & Import Regulations
🎒 Duty-Free Allowances (2026)
US citizens can bring the following into UK duty-free:
Alcohol & Tobacco
- Alcohol: 4 liters of spirits OR 16 liters of beer OR 4 liters of wine
- Tobacco: 200 cigarettes OR 100 cigarillos OR 50 cigars OR 250g tobacco
- Age Requirement: Must be 17+ to import alcohol/tobacco
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Other Goods
- Personal Items: Clothing, electronics, toiletries for personal use
- Gifts: Up to £390 value (if arriving by air/sea)
- Cash: No limit, but declare cash over £10,000 (or equivalent)
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🚫 Prohibited & Restricted Items
Prohibited (Cannot Bring)
- ✗ Illegal drugs and controlled substances
- ✗ Offensive weapons (including certain knives, firearms)
- ✗ Endangered species products (CITES restrictions)
- ✗ Indecent or obscene materials
- ✗ Counterfeit goods/pirated copies
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Restricted (Must Declare/Have Permit)
- ⚠️ Food Products: Meat, dairy, plants from outside EU require declaration
- ⚠️ Medications: Controlled drugs require prescription + doctor's letter
- ⚠️ Cultural Artifacts: Antiques, art may require export documentation
- ⚠️ Large Cash Amounts: Over £10,000 must be declared
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🍎 Food & Agricultural Items
- ✗ Most meat, dairy, eggs from non-EU countries restricted
- ✓ Commercially packaged, shelf-stable items generally permitted
- ✓ Fruits/vegetables may require phytosanitary certificate
- ✓ When in doubt, declare items to border officers
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Special Circumstances
👶 Traveling with Children
Document Requirements
- ✓ All children need their own valid passport
- ✓ ETA required for each child (separate application)
- ✓ If traveling with one parent: Carry consent letter from other parent
- ✓ If traveling without parents: Carry notarized consent from both parents
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Consent Letter Should Include
- Child's full name, DOB, passport number
- Travel dates and UK destinations
- Names/contact info of accompanying adults
- Notarized signature(s) of non-traveling parent(s)
- Emergency contact information
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💼 Business Travel
Permitted Business Activities
- ✓ Attend meetings, conferences, seminars
- ✓ Negotiate contracts, sign agreements
- ✓ Conduct site visits, fact-finding missions
- ✓ Attend trade fairs (not selling directly)
- ✓ Install/maintain equipment (if part of overseas contract)
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Prohibited Business Activities
- ✗ Taking employment with UK organization
- ✗ Selling goods/services directly to UK public
- ✗ Receiving payment from UK source for work performed
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🎓 Short-Term Study
Permitted on Visitor Status
- ✓ Courses up to 6 months duration
- ✓ English language courses up to 11 months (with accredited provider)
- ✓ Research (if part of overseas degree)
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Requires Student Visa
- ✗ Courses exceeding 6 months
- ✗ Work placements as part of course
- ✗ Any study with intention to work in UK afterward
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🚗 Driving in the UK
License Requirements
- ✓ Valid US driver's license accepted for visits up to 12 months
- ✓ International Driving Permit (IDP) not required for US licenses
- ✓ License must be in English (or accompanied by certified translation)
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Rental Car Considerations
- ✓ Most major rental agencies accept US licenses
- ✓ Minimum age typically 21-25 (varies by company)
- ✓ Credit card required for deposit
- ✓ Drive on the left side of the road
- ✓ Speed limits in mph (not km/h)
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Insurance Requirements
- ✓ Third-party liability insurance mandatory
- ✓ US auto policies may not cover UK; verify with provider
- ✓ Rental car insurance strongly recommended
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Practical Entry Tips for US Citizens
📱 Before You Travel
- Apply for ETA: Complete application at least 72 hours before departure
- Check Passport Validity: Ensure valid for entire stay; renew if needed
- Book Return Ticket: Have evidence of planned departure
- Prepare Accommodation Proof: Hotel confirmations or host contact details
- Organize Financial Proof: Credit cards, bank statements, cash
- Download Useful Apps: UK Border Force app, Google Maps (offline), currency converter
- Register with STEP: Smart Traveler Enrollment Program for US citizen updates
✈️ At the Airport/Border
- Have Documents Ready: Passport, ETA confirmation, supporting documents easily accessible
- Use e-Passport Gates (If Eligible): Faster processing for US e-passport holders
- Answer Questions Honestly: Clear, concise responses to border officers
- Declare Items: When in doubt, declare goods to customs
- Keep ETA Confirmation: Save email confirmation; screenshot as backup
🏨 During Your Stay
- ✓ Carry passport/ID when traveling between cities
- ✓ Keep accommodation address and emergency contacts handy
- ✓ Respect UK laws and customs
- ✓ Monitor your stay duration; don't overstay authorized period
- ✓ Contact US Embassy if you encounter problems: +44-20-7499-9000
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🚪 When Leaving the UK
- ✓ No formal exit immigration check for most travelers
- ✓ Airlines collect passport details at check-in for departure records
- ✓ Keep boarding pass as proof of departure if needed for future applications
- ✓ If you overstayed, be prepared to explain at future UK border entries
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Health & Safety Considerations
🏥 Healthcare Access
- NHS Coverage: US visitors are not entitled to free NHS hospital treatment
- Emergency Care: A&E (ER) treatment is provided but may be billed
- Travel Insurance: Highly recommended to cover medical emergencies
- Prescriptions: Bring adequate supply in original containers with doctor's letter
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💉 Vaccination Requirements
- ✓ No mandatory vaccinations for US citizens entering UK
- ✓ Routine vaccines (MMR, Tdap, flu) recommended
- ✓ Check CDC recommendations for any health advisories
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⚠️ Safety Tips
- ✓ UK is generally very safe for tourists
- ✓ Exercise normal precautions in crowded areas (pickpocketing)
- ✓ Emergency number: 999 or 112 (police, ambulance, fire)
- ✓ Non-emergency police: 101
- ✓ Save US Embassy contact: +44-20-7499-9000
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Money & Banking Tips
💷 Currency & Payments
- Currency: Pound Sterling (£, GBP)
- Exchange Rate: Approximately 1 GBP = 1.25-1.35 USD (varies)
- Credit Cards: Visa/Mastercard widely accepted; notify bank of travel
- Contactless: Widely used; limit £100 per transaction
- ATMs: Widely available; use bank ATMs for better rates
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💡 Money-Saving Tips
- ✓ Use credit cards with no foreign transaction fees
- ✓ Withdraw larger amounts less frequently to minimize ATM fees
- ✓ Avoid airport currency exchanges (poor rates)
- ✓ Many places accept USD but at unfavorable rates; use GBP when possible
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Transportation & Connectivity
📱 Mobile Phones & Internet
- Roaming: Check US carrier plans; many offer UK/Europe add-ons
- UK SIM Cards: Available at airports/stores (EE, O2, Vodafone, Three)
- eSIM: Many UK carriers support eSIM activation
- WiFi: Widely available in hotels, cafes, public spaces
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🚆 Getting Around the UK
- Trains: National Rail network; book ahead for savings
- London Transport: Oyster card or contactless payment for Tube/buses
- Coaches: National Express, Megabus for budget intercity travel
- Domestic Flights: Available but trains often more convenient
- Rental Cars: Useful for rural areas; remember to drive on left
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Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Do US citizens need a visa to visit the UK?
A: No, US citizens do not need a visa for tourism, business, or short-term study visits up to 6 months. However, you must obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) before travel starting in 2026.
Q: What is the UK ETA and do I need it?
A: The ETA is a digital pre-travel authorization for visa-exempt visitors. Yes, US citizens need an ETA starting in 2026. Apply online at www.gov.uk/apply-uk-eta at least 72 hours before travel. Cost: ~£10 (~$13 USD).
Q: How long can I stay in the UK as a US citizen?
A: Up to 6 months per visit as a Standard Visitor. The exact duration is determined by the border officer at entry. You cannot extend this status from within the UK in most cases.
Q: Can I work in the UK on a visitor status?
A: No. You cannot undertake paid employment, work for a UK organization, or receive payment from a UK source while on Standard Visitor status. You need a work visa for employment.
Q: Do children need an ETA?
A: Yes. Every traveler, including infants and children, must have their own valid passport and ETA. Parents/guardians complete the application on behalf of minors.
Q: What if my passport expires while I'm in the UK?
A: Contact the nearest US Embassy or Consulate immediately for emergency passport services. Do not attempt to leave the UK with an expired passport.
Q: Can I visit the UK multiple times on one ETA?
A: Yes. The ETA is valid for 2 years (or until passport expiry) and allows multiple entries. However, frequent/extended stays may raise questions about your visitor intent.
Q: Do I need travel insurance for the UK?
A: While not mandatory for entry, travel insurance is highly recommended. US health insurance rarely covers international care, and NHS treatment for visitors may be billed.
Q: Can I drive in the UK with a US license?
A: Yes. A valid US driver's license is accepted for visits up to 12 months. An International Driving Permit is not required. Remember to drive on the left side of the road.
Q: What if I'm denied entry at the UK border?
A: If denied entry, you'll be returned to your point of origin. Reasons may include insufficient documentation, concerns about visitor intent, or inadmissibility issues. Contact the US Embassy for assistance.
Official Resources & Contact Information
🇬🇧 UK Government Resources
- UK ETA Application: www.gov.uk/apply-uk-eta
- UK Visas & Immigration: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/uk-visas-and-immigration
- Check if You Need a UK Visa: www.gov.uk/check-uk-visa
- Customs Information: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/hm-revenue-customs
- Border Force: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/uk-border-force
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🇺🇸 US Government Resources
- US State Department - UK Travel Advisory: travel.state.gov
- US Embassy London: uk.usembassy.gov
- Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP): step.state.gov
- Passport Services: travel.state.gov/passports
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🆘 Emergency Contacts in the UK
- Emergency Services: 999 or 112 (police, ambulance, fire)
- Non-Emergency Police: 101
- US Embassy London: +44-20-7499-9000
- US Consulates: Edinburgh (+44-131-556-8315), Belfast (+44-28-9032-5733)
- Travel Insurance Emergency: Keep your provider's 24/7 number accessible
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Common Mistakes to Avoid
❌ Entry Pitfalls
- ✗ Forgetting to apply for ETA: Apply at least 72 hours before travel
- ✗ Passport validity issues: Ensure passport valid for entire stay
- ✗ No proof of onward travel: Have return ticket or onward itinerary
- ✗ Inconsistent answers: Ensure your story matches your documents
- ✗ Overstaying: Track your authorized stay; don't exceed 6 months
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❌ Documentation Errors
- ✗ Damaged passport: Renew if pages torn, water-damaged, or altered
- ✗ Missing child consent: Carry notarized consent if child traveling without both parents
- ✗ Undeclared items: When in doubt, declare goods to customs
- ✗ Insufficient funds proof: Have credit cards, statements, or cash available
- 👉 10 things that shock Americans about Irish driving laws and narrow roads.
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❌ Activity Misunderstandings
- ✗ Working on visitor status: Even "volunteering" with benefits may require visa
- ✗ Long-term study: Courses over 6 months need Student visa
- ✗ Accessing public benefits: Visitors cannot claim UK welfare/housing support
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Conclusion: Enter the UK Confidently in 2026
Traveling to the UK from the United States in 2026 is straightforward when you understand the requirements. The key changes this year: US citizens must obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) before departure, in addition to having a valid passport.
Key Takeaways:
- ✓ US citizens do NOT need a visa for tourism/business stays up to 6 months
- ✓ ETA is REQUIRED starting 2026; apply online at least 72 hours before travel
- ✓ Passport must be valid for entire stay; no specific 6-month rule but buffer recommended
- ✓ Maximum stay is 6 months as Standard Visitor; cannot be extended in most cases
- ✓ Cannot work or access public funds on visitor status
- ✓ Have proof of onward travel, accommodation, and sufficient funds ready
- ✓ Children need their own passport and ETA; carry consent letters if applicable
- ✓ Travel insurance highly recommended for medical coverage
- ✓ Verify current requirements at www.gov.uk before travel
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The UK welcomes millions of American visitors each year with its rich history, vibrant culture, stunning landscapes, and warm hospitality. By understanding and following the entry requirements—including the new ETA system—you ensure that your journey begins smoothly, allowing you to focus on experiencing all that the United Kingdom has to offer.
From the historic streets of London and Edinburgh to the dramatic Highlands and charming Cotswolds, your UK adventure awaits. Prepare properly, travel confidently, and enjoy every moment.
Safe travels and enjoy your UK adventure!
Disclaimer: Immigration policies and entry requirements can change. This guide is based on information available as of early 2026. Always verify current requirements with official UK government sources (www.gov.uk) and the US State Department (travel.state.gov) shortly before your trip. This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal or immigration advice.
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